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Retrofit Success Stories
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Heavy Duty Trucks
Gateway Cities Clean Air Program (Los Angeles County, CA)
Ralph's Grocery Trucks Project (Riverside, CA)
Gateway Cities Clean Air Program
Project Location:
Los Angeles, CA
Project Description:
The Gateway Cities Council of Governments (COG) is a joint powers authority that includes 27 southeastern Los Angeles County cities and the Port of Long Beach. The subregion has a population of more than two million people and is a major trade corridor with the Ports of Long Beach and Los Angeles located at the southern tip of the subregion.
The Gateway Cities Clean Air Program entails three main components: fleet replacement or scrappage; the Port of Long Beach program; and the prospective retrofitting of heavy-duty trucks that are either replacements for the trucks scrapped or post-1994 trucks. This third element of the program awaits funding.
Emissions Reduction Strategies:
The truck replacement program is targeted at pre-1983 trucks that serve the ports of Los Angeles and Long Beach. The voluntary program provides monetary incentives to owners of 1983 and older trucks, which average $25,000 per truck. The incentive funding must be used to purchase a 1994 or newer truck. On average, the truck owner is required to contribute $7,000-$10,000 of his own funds or through financing (loan) to the owner.
Emissions Reduction Benefits:
Each truck that is scrapped under this program reduces approximately .8 tons of NOx per year and .2 tons of PM per year. All replacement trucks from 1994-1998 model years also receive a low NOx reflash, which is not currently required in California, thus achieving even greater emission reductions. Truck operators are savings at least $1,700 per year on fuel with the cleaner, newer trucks.
Funding
The average incentive award is for $25,000 with the average cost of the replacement truck costing approximately $32,000-$35,000.This voluntary program has been funded with grants from U.S. EPA, the California Air Resources Board (CARB), the Port of Los Angeles, the Port of Long Beach, the Mobile Source Review Committee of the South Coast Air Quality Management District.
Project Contact
Sarah Siwek
Consultant to Gateway Cities Council of Governments
ssiwek@aol.com
310-417-6660 x224
www.gatewaycog.org
Ralph's Grocery Trucks Project
Project Location:
Riverside, CA
Project Description:
This U.S. Department of Energy project, managed by the National Renewable Energy Laboratory, collected and analyzed data on the performance and operations costs of 15 Ralph's Grocery diesel trucks. These trucks were (re)fueled by Emissions Control Diesel (ECD, also known as EC-Diesel) or a related fuel, ECD-1, in commercial service, and were compared with the performance of five diesel trucks fueled by CARB diesel fuel and operating on similar routes.
The objective was to provide transportation professionals with quantitative, unbiased information on the cost, maintenance, operational and emission characteristics of ECD, both alone and in combination with two aftermarket filters: a Johnson Matthey CRT™ and an Engelhard DPX™ as alternatives to conventional CARB diesel fuel for heavy-duty trucking applications.
The study design involved side-by-side comparison of data from 20 trucks: 5 fueled with conventional CARB diesel (diesel fuel that meets specifications as established by the California Air Resources Board, with an 88 percent sulfur reduction and 4 percent PM reduction) and 15 with ECD. The ECD trucks were further divided into 3 groups of 5 to compare the performance of the two types of passive regenerative catalyzed diesel particulate filters (DPFs).
Daily data were collected from fuel and maintenance tracking systems for more than one year. Examples of the data collected were: fuel consumption, mileage and dispatching records, engine oil additions and oil/filter changes, preventive maintenance action records and records of unscheduled maintenance and warranty repairs.
Emissions Benefits:
The retrofitted trucks using ECD and ECD-1 - or ultra-low sulfur diesel (ULSD) fuel - had significantly lower PM, HC, and CO emissions than those trucks not retrofit. In fact, many readings were at or below the detection limit of the measuring equipment. The CO results varied depending on the test cycle. The CO emissions were variable, but about the same overall as for the CARB diesel. The fuel economy values were about the same.
Ralph's is committed to emissions control in its trucking operation, and continues to investigate and search for funding to convert the entire fleet of diesel trucks at the Riverside Service Center to ECD-1 and DPFs. Ralph's converted the filter-equipped trucks from ECD to ECD-1 fuel in July 2001. Nine of the 10 DPF retrofitted trucks have operated 140,000-180,000 miles without having the filters cleaned.
Project Contact:
Ken Kimura
BP United States
Kimurak1@bp.com
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